Résumé:
This research investigates the physicochemical properties and antifungal efficacy of
essential oils and hydrosols obtained from Lavandula stoechas, Pistacia lentiscus, and Ruta
graveolens, three aromatic plant species naturally occurring in the Guelma region of Algeria.
The extracts were tested against four phytopathogenic fungi: Aspergillus niger, Botrytis
cinerea, Fusarium graminearum, and Zymoseptoria tritici. Essential oils were extracted
through hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus. Among the studied species, L.
stoechas produced the highest essential oil yield, followed by R. graveolens. Antifungal
activity was evaluated using the disc diffusion method for essential oils and the well diffusion
technique for hydrosols. The results revealed notable antifungal activity for both types of
extracts, with L. stoechas and R. graveolens showing particularly strong inhibition against the
target pathogens. These findings support the potential of these natural products as sustainable
alternatives for the biological control of fungal diseases in agriculture, contributing to reduced
reliance on synthetic fungicides and improved environmental health.
