Résumé:
This study, conducted in the city of Guelma, aims to assess the level of fecal parasitic
contamination in urban areas, to analyze the health risks related to the transmission of parasites
from dogs to humans, and to estimate the parasitic load in fecal samples. The study was carried
out in 28 urban districts, 20 of which were identified as contaminated by dog feces, through
two sampling campaigns conducted in March and April 2025. A total of 47 fecal samples were
collected from frequented public places (squares, sidewalks, school surroundings, gardens...)
and then analyzed in the laboratory using three techniques: direct examination, simple flotation
method, and the McMaster method. The results revealed a very high positivity rate, with 44 out
of 47 samples testing positive, representing 93.61%, compared to only 3 negatives (6.38%).
This high prevalence reflects an alarming and persistent fecal parasitic hazard in the urban
environment of Guelma. A total of 14 parasitic species were identified, with the most frequent
being Toxocara canis (15.38%), Echinococcus granulosus (14.42%), Isospora rivolta (14.42%),
Ancylostoma caninum (12.50%), Isospora canis (12.50%), and Giardia sp. (10.57%).
Helminths represented 55.76% of the cases, compared to 44.23% for protozoa. These results
reveal a concerning epidemiological situation that requires urgent intervention. The study
highlights the absence of specific Algerian legislation requiring dog owners to collect their
animals’ feces, unlike in other countries (USA, United Kingdom...). It is therefore
recommended to establish a clear legal framework, strengthen awareness of canine hygiene,
combat the proliferation of stray dogs, promote cooperation between doctors and veterinarians,
and implement both collective and individual preventive measures to limit the spread of
parasitic pathogens in urban settings
