Cross sectional study of gestational diabetes in Guelma

Abstract

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy and typically disappears after childbirth. The present work is cross-sectional study based on structured questionnaire including : demographic characteristics, medical history, lifestyle factors, and pregnancy outcomes. It involved 180 pregnant women aged between 17 to 47 years old, aimed to identify the prevalence of GDM and to examine its association with many factors in Guelma. The results indicate that Out of the 180 participants, 19% were diagnosed with GDM. The analysis of the questionnaire data revealed that several risk factors were associated with the development of GDM. This included maternal age (≥25 years), obesity (pre-pregnancy BMI ≥30 kg/m²), and family history of diabetes. Additionally, physical activity and high carbohydrate intake were identified as modifiable risk factors. The findings underscore the importance of early screening and intervention, particularly for women with identified risk factors