Study of the subacute toxicity of an association of two endocrine triclosan and bisphenol A, in female Wistar rats

Abstract

The present study investigates the subacute toxicity of combined exposure to Triclosan and Bisphenol A in female Wistar rats. Both chemicals are well-known endocrine disruptors, and their ubiquitous presence in consumer products raises concerns about their health impacts. This research aimed to assess the synergistic effects of triclosan and Bisphenol A on oxidative stress in rats. Animals were administered varying doses of the disruptors via subcutaneous and intraperitoneal injections respectively, both individually and in combination, for 25 days. The lowest and highest doses of Bisphenolwere 50 μg/kg/day and 100 mg/kg/day and those of triclosan were 1 mg/kg/day and 10mg/kg/day. Another group was allowed to drink ad libitum filtered water collected from Guelma WWTP in order to assess the effectiveness of the treatment methods of that station. Various parameters were evaluated to understand the potential adverse consequences. The study assessed oxidative stress biomarkers and histopathological changes in the liver, kidneys, and ovaries. Our finding indicated significant alterations in relative organ weights, suggesting systemic stress in all treated animals. Results demonstrated significant physiological alterations in the organs of animals after exposure to a high dose combination of the two chemicals and the high dose of Bisphenol A leading to disruptions in oxidative balance. Elevated levels of AOPPs and MDA confirmed the presence of oxidative stress.There was a notable decrease in serum glucose levels in groups treated with low-dose mixture, indicating metabolic disruption. These changes were accompanied by discernible hepatic and ovarian damage, confirmed through histopathological analysis. The findings underscore the potential health risks posed by exposure to these chemicals and advocate for heightened regulatory scrutiny and further research to mitigate human exposure to those chemicals.