Étude Comparative des Méthodes Extractives et Étude Physico-chimique des Complexes Sulpiride-Agents Complexants

Abstract

Sulpiride is a drug belonging to the class of atypical antipsychotics, mainly used to treat psychiatric disorders such as schizopherenia and depressive states. Its mode of action is based on the selective blocking of dopamine receptors present in the brain, which helps regulate mood and reduce psychotic symptoms. However, its low water solubility leads to a decrease in its biological activity. Recent research has shown that the complexation of molecules endowed with biological activity with transition metals considerably increases their biological activity. On the other hand, complexation with cyclodextrins (CDs) is one of the most used approaches to improve the water solubility of several drugs. In this work, for the extraction of SULP, we chose the two extraction methods: liquid-liquid (ELL) and solid-liquid (ESL). The comparative study between ELL and ESL led to the conclusion that the extraction yield depends on the solvent and on the solute, on the volume of solvent. Afterwards, we have synthesized and characterized three types of sulpiride complexes: 1) inclusion complexes at stoichiometric ratios 1:1 (Host:Guest) with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and HP- β-cyclodextrin ( HP- β-CD). 2) Coordination complexes at 1:1 ratios (Metal : Ligand) with zinc (Zn) and magnesium (Mg). 3) Inclusion complexes of coordination complexes of stoichiometry 1:1:1 (Metal : Ligand : CD). This type of complex was synthesized for the first time with the aim of having both more effective products, with better biological activity following the presence of a transition metal and more water-soluble following complexation with a CD. The synthesized complexes were characterized in the solid state by UV-visible spectrophotometry, melting point, TLC and colour. Each of these characterizations brought several elements supporting the thesis of the formation of the different complexes studied.